HSC Question 1 · 听力 Part A

Section I — Listening and Responding
Part A
Question 1
MALE:
芳芳，你怎么这么晚才回来？
FEMALE:
我姐姐和姐夫吵架了，我去劝了半天。
MALE:
吵架了？为什么？
FEMALE:
还不是因为生老二？我姐夫，以前常说“毛主席说得好‘男女都一样’”。可
现在二胎政策刚放开，他就马上催着我姐想要儿子，居然还说“养儿防老”。
这都二十一世纪了，他真是个老古董。我姐坚决反对。两人就吵起来了。
MALE:
再生一个，这不是挺好的吗？他们只有一个女儿，你姐夫是独子，想要个男
孩儿，这也合情合理呀，“不孝有三, 无后为大”嘛！再说，“养儿防老”也
不是没有道理。
FEMALE:
力强，你怎么也这么重男轻女？那我们以后要孩子，你是不是也非得生男孩
不可？早知道，我就不嫁给你了！
MALE:
别生气，我是说，现在可以生两个了，他们给女儿生个弟弟或妹妹，两个孩
子有个伴儿，也不错呀！
FEMALE:
你以为他们家那个小公主愿意有人跟她抢东西吗？这么多年了，她一直是家
里的小太阳，要星星不给月亮的，都惯坏了。一听说爸爸想要弟弟，她先吵
着要离家出走了。
MALE:
是呀，这也是个问题。那你姐到底为什么不想要老二呀？
FEMALE:
这不是明摆着吗？我姐生孩子之前也是个女强人。后来听了姐夫的话，辞职
在家带孩子。终于熬到女儿上小学了，刚刚找到一份不错的工作，本来想在
事业上重整旗鼓，再要一个孩子，那不是一辈子都要做家庭主妇了吗？
MALE:
做家庭主妇也没什么不好吧？对于女人来说，孩子和家庭不才是最重要的
吗？
FEMALE:
你这口气怎么跟我姐夫一样？可为什么女人就必须把家庭和子女放在首位？
为什么女人就必须为家庭放弃事业？为什么女人就不能选择自己想做的事？
MALE:
你别生气，我不是这个意思。
FEMALE:
还有，我姐都四十岁了，高龄产妇生孩子多危险？产后恢复多困难？将来带
两个孩子还要工作、照顾家多辛苦？凭什么她就要当超人呀？

NSW Education Standards Authority
2018 HSC Chinese and Literature
Marking Guidelines
Section I — Listening and Responding
Part A
Question 1 (a)
Criteria
Marks
• Identifies the correct answer
1
Sample answer:
C
Question 1 (b)
Criteria
Marks
• Demonstrates a sound understanding of Liqiang’s traditional thinking
3
• Demonstrates some understanding of Liqiang’s traditional thinking
2
• Provides some relevant information
1
Sample answer:
Liqiang says that ‘There are three ways to be unfilial, and the worst is not to produce
offspring.’ He values boys more than girls and thinks it is reasonable that Fangfang’s
brother-in-law wants a son since he is the only son of his family. He agrees that ‘Bringing up
a son to guard against old age troubles’ has a point. He thinks that women should prioritise
their children and family’s needs and being a housewife is not bad at all.
NESA
2018 HSC
Chinese and Literature Marking Guidelines
Question 1 (c)

Criteria
Marks
•
•

Demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of how the sister’s family

members expressed their attitudes about her having a second child
Provides detailed reference to both content and language features
6
•
•
Demonstrates a sound understanding of how the sister’s family members
expressed their attitudes about her having a second child
Provides relevant reference to both content and language features
5
•
•
Demonstrates a sound understanding of how the sister’s family members
expressed their attitudes about her having a second child

Provides some reference to content and language features
4
• Demonstrates some understanding of how the sister’s family members
expressed their attitudes about her having a second child
2–3
• Provides some relevant information
1
Sample answer:
Fangfang’s brother-in-law’s attitude towards having a second child becomes obvious. He
pushed his wife to have a second child because he wanted a son. Being a single child and
being spoiled by the family for many years, Fangfang’s niece didn’t want to have a younger
sibling and threatened to run away from home. Fangfang’s sister didn’t want to have a
second child because she wanted to restart her career.
Fangfang used quotes and comparison to describe her brother-in-law’s attitude: he used to
say: ‘Chairman Mao said . . .’, but now . . . he has started to say ‘Bringing up a son
’. Her
sister’s anecdote highlighted her attitude against having a second child. Fangfang’s sister’s
attitude was further demonstrated by her use of high morality language such as ‘firmly
oppose’.

Section I --- Listening and Responding\
Part A\
Question 1\
老李 ： 晓红，下班了，还不走？你们部门也太忙了！\
晓红 ： 老李，我等会儿再走，我妈又让我去相亲，我告诉她要加班。\
老李 ： 你妈也是替你着急，“男大当婚，女大当嫁”嘛！\
晓红 ：
“男大当婚，女大当嫁”。“早结婚，早安定”。老李，我觉得这种婚姻观念就是一个误区。单纯为了结婚而结婚，是不会得到真正的幸福的。\
老李 ： 那去相相亲也不是坏事，万一遇到合适的呢。\
晓红 ：
我对相亲真是失望透了。每次一见面谈的就是收入、房产、家庭背景、学历，简直跟在菜市场买菜明码标价差不多。这样怎么可能找到真爱呢？\
老李 ：
结婚是应该考虑经济条件。现在房价、物价都这么高，你也不想为了真爱就裸婚吧？女孩子嘛，干得好不如嫁得好。家庭背景和学历也很重要，两个人各方面条件相差太多，以后容易有矛盾。门当户对还是有道理的。\
晓红 ： 我自己有工作，经济独立，我可不会为了找个饭票而结婚。\
老李 ： 话虽这么说，可要是想要孩子的话，还是早点结婚比较好。\
晓红 ：
那我也不能为了传宗接代而结婚呀！如果找不到对的人，我宁愿做一只快乐的“单身汪”，享受自由，享受生活！\
老李 :
晓红，你可不要这么草率的做决定。你父母要是知道你这样想的话，非急死不可。\
晓红 ：
结不结婚是我自己的事。我觉得我这样做才是对婚姻的尊重。老李，你知道吗？根据统计，现在中国的离婚率已经超过
40% 了。那些闪婚的人结了又离，这才是草率。\
老李 ： 不管怎么说，不结婚，人生总是有遗憾的。\
晓红 ：
我可不这么认为。结婚不是人生的一道必答题。独身的人照样可以活得幸福、精彩。我最近看到一篇调查，西方很多国家选择独身的人数都已经超过结婚的人数了。你这些陈旧的观念得改一改了。

[汉字字数统计：约 665 个字符（包含标点，不含人物标签）]

Section I --- Listening and Responding

Part A

Question 1 (a)

Criteria Marks

• Identifies correctly why Xiaohong stayed back at work 1

Sample answer:\
Xiaohong did not want to go on a blind date arranged by her mum.

Question 1 (b)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of Lao Li's important considerations before a marriage 3
• Demonstrates some understanding of Lao Li's important considerations before a marriage 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Lao Li thinks that it's important to consider financial conditions
before getting married, because housing prices and living costs are both
so high nowadays.\
He thinks that family background and educational qualifications are also
important. If there is a big difference in these conditions between the
couple, they are more likely to have conflicts after they have got
married. 'To get married with people of an equal rank' has its point.

Question 1 (c)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a perceptive understanding of how Xiaohong expresses her views on marriage• Provides extensive reference to both the content and language features 6
• Demonstrates a thorough understanding of how Xiaohong expresses her views on marriage• Provides detailed reference to both the content and language features 5
• Demonstrates a sound understanding of how Xiaohong expresses her views on marriage• Provides some reference to the content and language features 4
• Demonstrates some understanding of how Xiaohong expresses her views on marriage 2--3
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Xiaohong uses metaphors, statistics and a survey report to express her
views on marriage. She thinks that it is not necessary to get married
because of age. One cannot have real happiness if one enters a marriage
only in order to get married. Also as a financially independent woman,
Xiaohong doesn't want to marry for 'a meal ticket' or purely for having
a child. She uses the metaphor 'a meal ticket' to express her refusal to
prioritise money in a marriage and to emphasise her financial
independence. Besides she would rather be 'a single dog' living a free
and happy life if she can't find her Mr Right. She uses the metaphor
'single dog' to show her optimism and determination.

Xiaohong uses a metaphor 'marriage is not a compulsory question of life'
to say that people can choose to be single and still have a happy and
wonderful life. She believes marriage is her own business and what she
is doing shows her respect for marriage. She uses statistics, such as
'over 40% divorce rate in China' to prove that her decision to be single
instead of rushing into a marriage is the right thing to do. She also
uses the result of a survey report, citing that in many western
countries, more people choose to be single, to support her view.

Section I --- Listening and Responding\
Part A\
Question 1\
MALE: 哇！\
FEMALE: 你在惊讶什么？\
MALE:
你快来看这个报道！澳大利亚现在怎么只有这么少的学生学外语啊！？真奇怪！\
FEMALE:
对澳洲本地学生来讲，英文是必修课，除此以外的语言都是外语，都是选修课，人家想学别的科目就学别的，这有什么好大惊小怪的！\
MALE:
我想不明白，学语言多好啊？！我觉得每个人都应该至少学一门外语！语言就像是打开通往世界大门的钥匙！\
FEMALE: 打开世界大门的方法有很多啊！去旅游不是更能直接地体验世界吗？\
MALE:
那你出去旅游的时候，如果能够与当地人用他们的语言沟通，岂不是更好？\
FEMALE:
现在科技这么发达，就算不会说当地的语言，用电子翻译器就能沟通啦！哪儿还需要为了去一个国家旅游，就要学一门新的语言啊？那么多国家，那么多语言，哪儿能都学得完？\
MALE:
我们初来澳洲学习时，将近一半的高中毕业生都会一门新语言，但是这个报道上说，现在会外语的高中毕业生降到了百分之十。难道大家都看不到学语言的重要性吗？\
FEMALE: 时代不一样啦老爸，你们那时侯是八十年代，现在已经是新世纪了！\
MALE:
不管什么世纪，我觉得学语言都是必要的现在澳洲百分之七十多的人都只会说英语，多可惜啊！他们都不知道多学一门语言带来的好处有多少！科学研究表明，学语言能帮助锻炼大脑，不仅可以增强你的记忆力、注意力、判断力、还有创造力，还能使你的沟通能力、解决问题的能力大大地提高！\
FEMALE:
爸，在当今的世界，英语是通用语言。别人都在学英语，所以我们澳大利亚人为什么还要浪费精力去学别的语言呢？\
MALE:
这怎么会是浪费精力呢？学语言就是学习理解不同的文化，就是学习包容文化中的差异，就是学习怎样更好地与人沟通。这都是让人受益匪浅的生活技能呀！\
FEMALE: 是是是，知道了，爸。

[汉字字数统计：约 634 个字符（包含标点，不含人物标签）]

Section I --- Listening and Responding

Part A

Question 1 (a)

Criteria Marks

• Identifies the correct answer: C 1

Question 1 (b)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of the daughter's views on language learning 3
• Demonstrates some understanding of the daughter's views on language learning 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
The daughter believes that travelling is a more authentic way to
experience the world rather than learning a language as it is not
possible to learn all languages of the world. Additionally, technology
is making language learning unnecessary as you can just use electronic
translators to help communicate the basics when travelling. In addition,
learning a foreign language is unnecessary in Australia as everyone
speaks English, which is the world's most commonly used language for
communication.

Answers could include:\
Some students may not have an interest in learning a foreign language,
but are passionate about other subjects.

Question 1 (c)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a perceptive understanding of how the father expresses his opinions about learning a foreign language• Provides extensive reference to both the content and language features 6
• Demonstrates a thorough understanding of how the father expresses his opinions about learning a foreign language• Provides detailed reference to both the content and language features 5
• Demonstrates a sound understanding of how the father expresses his opinions about learning a foreign language• Provides some reference to both the content and language features 4
• Demonstrates some understanding of how the father expresses his opinions about learning a foreign language 2--3
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
The father uses different language techniques to express his opinions.
He uses simile, 'A language is like a key to open the gate to the world'
to express his stance in favour of foreign language learning. He poses a
rhetorical question, 'Don't people see the importance of language
learning?' to emphasise his view. He uses statistics to convey his
disapproval, contrasting 50% of high school leavers in the 1980s
learning an additional language with the current figure of 10%. He also
uses statistics in, '70% of Australians can only speak English' to
express his opinion that it is a shame so few students are learning a
foreign language. He highlights the benefits of language learning
through listing, 'It enhances your memory, focus, critical thinking
skills and creativity'. He employs parallelism, 'It is about cultural
understanding', 'It is about embracing differences', 'It is about better
communication' to show his view on the benefits of learning a foreign
language.

Section I --- Listening and Responding\
Part A\
Question 1\
MALE: 小兰，你最近怎么看起来又忙又累？\
FEMALE:
大山，我爸住院了，我妈身体又不好，所以我每天一下班就得去医院照看我爸，很晚才能回家，还要照顾年幼的孩子。我现在才发现当独生子女，不容易啊！\
MALE:
我小的时候，看到独生子女像个小皇帝、小公主似的被祖辈四位老人还有爸妈疼爱着，真是羡慕嫉妒恨……。\
FEMALE: 可现在我多希望有个兄弟姐妹帮忙啊！我们独生子女真是太难了。\
MALE:
新闻上也说，中国近1.8亿独生子女面临的困境已经来临，“上有老，下有小”的境况让他们焦头烂额。现在即使国内开放了多胎政策，但还是有许多家庭不愿意生第二个孩子。\
FEMALE:
对啊，过去的家庭都期盼能生个男孩儿，而现在住在大城市里的年轻家庭反倒都想要个“小棉袄”！\
MALE:
曾经的中国家庭讲究“四世同堂”，“子孙绕膝”，如今独生子女成为了支撑大家庭的中坚力量。为了让父母能安享晚年，没有兄弟姊妹的帮助，没有社会的支持，没有强大的经济实力，独生子女们必须背负起沉重的压力。\
FEMALE: 尤其是老人病的时候，就更麻烦了！\
MALE:
独生子女家庭的“高危性”就在于它的结构不稳定，“倒三角”的构造，意味着全部的重心都落在独生子女身上。\
FEMALE: 是啊，我和老公快撑不住了。\
MALE:
但独生子女的父母处境也可怜。只有一个孩子的他们，“空巢”的可能性很高。一方面是出现病痛时，一个孩子所能提供的资金支持和照料都比较有限。另一方面是，大多数父母并不与子女住一起，甚至不在同一座城市，心灵上的孤独不可避免。有些老人甚至面临“白发人送黑发人”的悲剧。难道政府不该出台相关政策帮助这些独生子女解决这类的问题吗？\
FEMALE:
是啊，老人们对情感和陪伴的需求，对有些独生子女们来说，已成为一种难以回避的负担。甚至网上有网友发出感叹：难道独生子女就“不能远嫁，不配远游”吗？

[汉字字数统计：约 685 个字符（包含标点，不含人物标签）]

Section I --- Listening and Responding

Part A

Question 1 (a)\
| Criteria | Marks |\
| :--- | :---: |\
| • Demonstrates a sound understanding of why Xiaolan is busy and tired
| 2 |\
| • Provides some relevant information | 1 |

Sample answer:\
She has to look after her sick dad in hospital straight after work and
to take care of her own children.

Question 1 (b)\
| Criteria | Marks |\
| :--- | :---: |\
| • Demonstrates a sound understanding of what the conversation reveals
about how traditional Chinese values have changed | 3 |\
| • Demonstrates some understanding of what the conversation reveals
about how traditional Chinese values have changed | 2 |\
| • Provides some relevant information | 1 |

Sample answer:\
Firstly, Chinese culture used to value sons over daughters, but that's
no longer the case. Many prefer to have a daughter, 'an intimate small
cotton padded jacket'. Secondly, four generations under one roof and a
family full of children and grandchildren were seen as a sign of
blessing. However, even with the introduction of the second-child policy
in China, many families still choose to have just one child. Lastly, it
was believed that while the parents are alive, children should not
travel to places far away from home, but in contemporary society, some
people question the idea.

Question 1 (c)\
| Criteria | Marks |\
| :--- | :---: |\
| • Demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of how Dashan conveys
his point of view on the problems arising from the one-child policy,
with extensive reference to content and language techniques | 5 |\
| • Demonstrates a thorough understanding of how Dashan conveys his
point of view on the problems arising from the one-child policy, with
detailed reference to content and language techniques | 4 |\
| • Demonstrates a sound understanding of how Dashan conveys his point
of view on the problems arising from the one-child policy, with
reference to content and language techniques | 3 |\
| • Demonstrates some understanding of how Dashan conveys his point of
view on the problems arising from the one-child policy, with some
reference to content and/or language techniques | 2 |\
| • Provides some relevant information | 1 |

Sample answer:\
Dashan believes that many social problems arise from the one-child
policy. Single children have to shoulder the burden of looking after
their elderly parents as they do not have any siblings to share the
responsibility. This has also become an economic and social problem.
Dashan uses different language techniques to support his argument. For
example, he uses parallelism, eg 'not have the help of siblings, not
have the support of the society, not have strong economic strength' to
show the social pressure of looking after elderly parents on their own.
Besides, he uses statistics '180 million single children have elderly
parents and young children to support' to show the extent of the
economic burden and the immense pressure single children face.
Additionally, he uses the metaphor 'an inverted triangle' to highlight
the burden on single children, and 'empty nest' to express the pitiful
circumstances elderly parents face.

Part B

Question 2\
| Criteria | Marks |\
| :--- | :---: |\
| • Demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the issues raised in
the texts and a sophisticated level of ability to compare and contrast
them• Composes a coherent argument demonstrating a comprehensive
understanding of the texts• Demonstrates a highly-developed
understanding of context and audience• Demonstrates an excellent
control of vocabulary and language structures | 9--10 |\
| • Identifies the main issues in the texts and compares and contrasts
them in a lucid way• Composes an effective argument with close
reference to the texts• Writes effectively for the context and
audience• Demonstrates an appropriate knowledge and understanding
of language structures and vocabulary | 7--8 |\
| • Coherently compares and contrasts information in the texts•
Writes coherently and with some appropriate textual reference•
Relates information to context and audience• Writes using a range
of language structures and vocabulary | 5--6 |\
| • Compares and contrasts some opinions, ideas and information in the
texts• Demonstrates a limited ability to structure and sequence
information and ideas• Demonstrates an awareness of context and
audience | 3--4 |\
| • Demonstrates some understanding of the texts and the ability to
compare and contrast information• Shows some evidence of the
ability to organise information | 1--2 |

Section I --- Listening and Responding\
Part A\
Question 1\
MALE: 小琪，我不打算考研了。\
FEMALE: 云峰，你不想考研了？那你怎么能进大企业工作呢？\
MALE:
考研、进大企业工作，竞争就更激烈了。现在人人都在谈论内卷，内卷其实就是不正常的、过度的竞争，我可不想成为内卷的牺牲品。我现在就想躺平，找个钱多、事儿少、离家近的工作。\
FEMALE: 云峰，现在的社会就是这样，如果你不参加竞争，就会被淘汰。\
MALE:
但是，如果人人都去竞争，大家不就都变成“内卷王”了吗？骑着车看电脑，骑着车吃泡面，我可不想这样活着。\
FEMALE:
可是，你还没有奋斗过就想躺平，这就是变相的放弃。你看我们的父母，虽然没有像我们这样多的深造机会，但是他们一辈子都在为美好的生活而努力。你的父母不是一直希望你考研吗？你还没有尝试就选择躺平，你对得起他们吗？\
MALE:
父母只想孩子活得快乐就好。再说了，考研找好工作不也就为了好好生活吗？我直接一步到位，不考研，立马可以好好地享受生活。\
FEMALE:
云峰，你这是回避竞争。今年中国青年网发布的问卷调查报告显示，90%的”00后“认为”比起天赋和良好的家庭条件与机遇，成功更要靠个人的奋斗“。这不正说明了我们”00后“对奋斗精神的认同吗？\
MALE:
可是，现在内卷越来越严重了，不少年轻人都选择躺平的生活态度了。你看我们还没有毕业，就要面对内卷造成的学业繁重、就业困难等等问题。我觉得自己越来越焦虑了，不躺平能行吗？\
FEMALE:
你要是躺平就像蜗牛缩回了自己的壳一样在逃避问题。社会总是在变化的，类似于内卷这样的问题总是会出现。但是，只要有明确的目标和努力方向，你就不会感到迷茫了。你没听说过那句名言吗？”在一个崇高的目标支持下，不停地工作，即使慢，也一定会获得成功的。”\
MALE: 那，考研的事儿，我再考虑一下吧。

[汉字字数统计：共计 679 个中文字符（不含人物标签及数字）]

Section I --- Listening and Responding

Part A

Question 1 (a)

Criteria Marks

• Identifies correctly what kind of job Yunfeng wants to get 1

Sample answer:\
Yunfeng wants to have an easy job, close to home and well paid.

Question 1 (b)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of Yunfeng's view about the current trend in competition 3
• Demonstrates some understanding of Yunfeng's view about the current trend in competition 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Yunfeng thinks that the current trend is abnormal and excessive and he
does not want to be part of it. He thinks that this excessive
competition has caused young people anxiety and has led them to lying
flat. He believes that he can be happy and successful without
postgraduate studies and the additional competition.

Question 1 (c)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a perceptive understanding of how Xiaoqi tries to persuade Yunfeng to change his mind• Provides extensive reference to both the content and language features 6
• Demonstrates a thorough understanding of how Xiaoqi tries to persuade Yunfeng to change his mind• Provides detailed reference to both the content and language features 5
• Demonstrates a sound understanding of how Xiaoqi tries to persuade Yunfeng to change his mind• Provides reference to both the content and language features 4
• Demonstrates some understanding of how Xiaoqi tries to persuade Yunfeng to change his mind• Provides some reference to the content and/or language features 2--3
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Xiaoqi applies a range of language features to persuade Yunfeng to take
the postgraduate entrance exam. She firstly uses an example of their
parents who have been working hard for a better life despite a lack of
opportunities for further study. She also poses rhetorical questions
such as 'Didn't your parents always want you to study a postgraduate
course' to stress the high expectation from Yunfeng's parents, in order
to prompt Yunfeng to rethink.

Xiaoqi further persuades him through statistics '90% of the
postmillennials believe success depends on personal pursuits' to
demonstrate the fact that it is important to fight for a better life, in
order to convince him not to lie flat and avoid competitions. Moreover,
she uses the analogy 'you lying flat is like a snail retracting into its
shell to avoid problems' to further stress her point.

Answers could include:\
She uses a famous saying 'with the support of a lofty goal, work
non-stop, even if it is slow, you will surely be successful' to
highlight the importance of having a clear goal and work hard towards
it.

Section I --- Listening and Responding\
Part A\
Question 1\
MALE: 小雨妈妈，您好！\
FEMALE: 李老师，您好！\
MALE: 听说您反对小雨加入学校的剧社，她非常难过。\
FEMALE: 小雨明年就要考高中了。虽然现在 “双减”
了，但是想上重点高中，还得拼成绩呀。我给她找了 “一对一”
的强化辅导，没时间参加课外活动。\
MALE: 现在国家推行 “双减”
政策，就是要减轻学生的作业负担，减轻他们的校外培训负担，给孩子们松绑、减压，让他们有时间享受童年，培养兴趣爱好，健康成长。您现在还给小雨安排课后周末
“一对一” 的强化辅导，这不是让孩子压力更大了吗？根据调查，去年全国有超过
32% 的中小学生因为学习压力太大而产生了心理问题，有些严重的不得不休学。\
FEMALE:
减压减压，听上去好，但是学校的作业少了，又不让上补习班，孩子学的内容不够怎么办？\
MALE:
有句名言说得好，“教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火”。教授知识不是“填鸭”。学校实行双减，同时优化教学方式。在作业上，我们精心选择内容和形式，满足学生个性化需求，提高学生的学习积极性和效率。\
FEMALE:
可是，我周围还有不少家长给孩子安排私教，我不给小雨补，不就落后了？中考怎么办？将来高考怎么办？\
MALE:
考试虽然重要，但教育的目的不仅仅是为了考试，更是为了全面培养一个人，我们要鼓励学生拓宽视野、创新思维、提升各方面的能力、深化对社会的认知，这些都是补习办不到的。所以，现在学校开设了丰富的课外活动，给学生机会自由发展兴趣爱好。希望您能理解，配合我们，让她参加自己喜欢的活动吧。\
FEMALE: 我回家再跟小雨的爸爸商量一下。谢谢您！

[汉字字数统计：583 个汉字（不含说话人标签及数字）]

Section I --- Listening and Responding

Part A

Question 1 (a)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of the aim of the 'double reduction' policy 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
The 'double reduction' policy aims to reduce the amount of homework and
after school tutoring for students, in order to encourage students to
enjoy their childhood and develop their interests.

Question 1 (b)

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of why Xiaoyu's mother is worried 3
• Demonstrates some understanding of why Xiaoyu's mother is worried 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Xiaoyu's mother is worried about her daughter's progress at school, as
the 'double reduction' policy has reduced homework. As other parents are
still arranging private tutoring for their children, she thinks Xiaoyu
will fall behind and not be able to get into a selective high school.

Question 1 (c)

Criteria Marks

• Provides a comprehensive analysis of how Mr Li tries to persuade Xiaoyu's mother• Provides extensive reference to both the content and language features 5
• Provides a thorough analysis of how Mr Li tries to persuade Xiaoyu's mother• Provides detailed reference to both the content and language features 4
• Provides a sound analysis of how Mr Li tries to persuade Xiaoyu's mother• Provides reference to both the content and language features 3
• Provides some analysis of how Mr Li tries to persuade Xiaoyu's mother• Provides some reference to both the content and language features 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Mr Li tries to persuade Xiaoyu's mother to allow Xiaoyu to join the
school drama club by firstly addressing the 'double reduction' policy as
an initiative to help students enjoy their childhood more. Mr Li uses a
rhetorical question, 'Doesn't this make your child more stressed?' and a
famous quote, 'Education is not about filling a bucket of water, but
lighting a fire', to help Xiaoyu's mother reflect on her beliefs. He
also uses statistics to validate that there are serious impacts on
students' mental health caused by their studies.

Part B

Question 2

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the issues raised in the texts and a sophisticated level of ability to compare and contrast them• Composes a coherent argument demonstrating a comprehensive understanding of the texts• Demonstrates a highly-developed understanding of context and audience• Demonstrates an excellent control of vocabulary and language structures 9--10
• Identifies the main issues in the texts and compares and contrasts them in a lucid way• Composes an effective argument with close reference to the texts• Writes effectively for the context and audience• Demonstrates an appropriate knowledge and understanding of language structures and vocabulary 7--8
• Coherently compares and contrasts information in the texts• Writes coherently and with some appropriate textual reference• Relates information to context and audience• Writes using a range of language structures and vocabulary 5--6
• Compares and contrasts some opinions, ideas and information in the texts• Demonstrates a limited ability to structure and sequence information and ideas• Demonstrates an awareness of context and audience 3--4
• Demonstrates some understanding of the texts and the ability to compare and contrast information• Shows some evidence of the ability to organise information 1--2

Section I --- Listening and Responding\
Part A\
Question 1

FEMALE:
大家好，我是《教育与生活》节目主持人李丽。今天我在大学校园采访王教授。王教授，您好！上个星期我看到了您关于提倡终身学习的文章。终身学习是我们听众十分关心的热门话题。今天很高兴您能参加我们这个节目。请您谈一下终身学习这个理念是什么？

MALE:
它指的是社会每个成员为适应社会和个人不断发展的需要，贯穿于人们一生的持续学习过程。就是“活到老学到老”，“学无止境”啊。我认为，我们每个人都需要终身学习。

FEMALE:
可是有些人认为我们从小学到大学已经读了那么多年的书，还有必要再学习吗？

MALE:
当然必要。学校教育只是终身学习的一部分。就拿我来说吧，我毕业已经几十年了，但是生活在现在这个快速发展的时代，每天被大量的新知识所驱动，我只有不断地学习才能跟上时代的步伐。我觉得终身学习已成为当务之急，就像逆水行舟，不进则退。

FEMALE: 是的，您说的对。那么，您觉得是否每个人都应该终身学习呢？

(Question 1 continued)

MALE:
是的，我建议每个人都要参与终身学习。首先通过终身学习，我们可以不断地学习新知识，提高自己的专业技能，增强职场竞争力。其次，终身学习可以帮助我们拓宽视野，了解更多的新信息和不同文化的差异，让我们更好地适应社会的变化，应对各种新潮流和新挑战。最后，通过学习，我们可以了解更多的健康知识，保持健康的生活方式，提高生活质量。还可以让我们更好地发展自己的兴趣爱好，让生活更加丰富多彩。

FEMALE:
谢谢您，王教授，看来我们都应该积极参加终身学习，不断提升自己的能力，为自己的未来打下坚实的基础。

Section I --- Listening and Responding

Part A

Question 1 (a)\
Why is Professor Wang being interviewed?

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of why Professor Wang is being interviewed 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Professor Wang is interviewed because he published an article about
lifelong learning and it is a hot topic.

Question 1 (b)\
What benefits can people gain from Professor Wang's advice?

Criteria Marks

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of the benefits people can gain from Professor Wang's advice 3
• Demonstrates some understanding of the benefits people can gain from Professor Wang's advice 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Professor Wang advises everyone to engage in lifelong learning because
people can continuously learn new knowledge and skills to improve their
competitiveness, broaden their horizons, understand more up-to-date
information, improve their quality of life and develop their interests
and hobbies.

Question 1 (c)\
How does Professor Wang try to convince his audience in the
conversation?

Criteria Marks

• Provides a comprehensive analysis of how Professor Wang tries to convince his audience in the conversation• Provides extensive reference to both the content and use of language features 5
• Provides a thorough analysis of how Professor Wang tries to convince his audience in the conversation• Provides detailed reference to both the content and use of language features 4
• Provides a sound analysis of how Professor Wang tries to convince his audience in the conversation• Provides reference to both the content and use of language features 3
• Provides some analysis of how Professor Wang tries to convince his audience in the conversation• Provides some reference to the content and /or use of language features 2
• Provides some relevant information 1

Sample answer:\
Professor Wang attempts to convince his audience to engage in lifelong
learning. He uses the famous quotation 'Learning as long as you live'
and the idiom 'Learning never stops' to validate his claim that people
should participate in lifelong learning. He uses listing to show the
many benefits of lifelong learning. The use of his own experience to
keep up with large amounts of new knowledge allows him to relate to the
audience and convince them that lifelong learning is necessary for the
rapidly changing times. Finally, he uses an analogy, 'Like sailing
against the current, if you don't advance, you will retreat', to help
illustrate the need for lifelong learning.

Section I --- Listening and Responding

Part A

Question 1

FEMALE:
听众朋友们，大家好！我是《社会与经济》节目主持人王芳。今天我们邀请了经济学家李先生给大家讲讲消费与社会经济问题。李先生，消费在经济发展中有什么作用？

MALE: 消费在经济发展中至关重要，它是经济持续发展的驱动力。

FEMALE: 现代社会有哪些消费观念呢？

MALE:
现代消费观念主要表现出两种方式，有些人注重高品质、名牌商品，认为这象征着高质量的生活
；还有些人偏向实用性，选择更经济的消费方式，追求简约的生活。高消费有助于推动高端产品的发展。实用性消费能够稳定家庭的财务状况，并促进资源的合理分配。

FEMALE: 那目前的消费趋势是什么呢？

MALE: 近几年全球经济发展不稳定，出现了一种新的趋势，就是
“降级消费”。这是一种人们在经济压力下，放弃高价消费，转向低价、实惠商品的消费行为。降级消费的现象近年来越发明显，今天我希望帮助大家更好地理解它对社会经济的影响。

FEMALE: 好的，那请您解释一下降级消费观念在社会上有哪些表现 ?

MALE:
理性消费已成为主流。人们在购物时更注重商品的实用性和性价比，不再盲目追求品牌和潮流。例如，以前在外买咖啡、奶茶，现在在家冲泡。以前买进口名牌，现在买国内产品。以前追求国外游，现在选择经济的国内游或城市漫游。

FEMALE: 那么，降级消费现象产生的原因是什么？

MALE:
全球经济发展缓慢改变了人们的消费观念。物价上涨、就业困难等等因素都在一定程度上影响了消费者的购买力。

FEMALE: 那么，降级消费对社会经济发展会有什么影响？

MALE:
它会导致商品价格降低，有益于消费者，但也会延缓社会经济增长的速度，从而影响就业。根据
2023 年度就业调查报告，当年热门行业的招聘需求比前一年下降了
1.5％。长此以往，一定会进一步影响社会经济的发展。

FEMALE: 谢谢您今天的讲解，我们受益匪浅。

Section I --- Listening and Responding\
Part A

Question 1 (a)\
Marks: 1\
Criteria:

• Identifies why consumption is important in economic development,
  > according to the text

Sample answer:\
Consumption is important because it drives sustainable economic growth.

Question 1 (b)\
Marks: 3\
Criteria:

• Identifies the modern perspectives on consumption, according to Mr
  > Li

Marks: 2\
Criteria:

• Demonstrates some understanding of the modern perspectives on
  > consumption, according to Mr Li

Marks: 1\
Criteria:

• Provides some relevant information

Sample answer:\
According to Mr Li, some people value the consumption of high-quality
and branded products as they view them as symbols of a high-quality
lifestyle. Others focus on more practical and economic ways of
consumption, as they pursue a simple life.

Question 1 (c)\
Marks: 6\
Criteria:

• Demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of how Mr Li explains
  > downgraded consumption, with detailed reference to both the
  > content and use of language features

Marks: 5\
Criteria:

• Demonstrates a thorough understanding of how Mr Li explains
  > downgraded consumption, with reference to both the content and use
  > of language features

Marks: 4\
Criteria:

• Demonstrates a sound understanding of how Mr Li explains downgraded
  > consumption, with some reference to both the content and use of
  > language features

Marks: 2--3\
Criteria:

• Demonstrates some understanding of Mr Li's explanation of downgraded
  > consumption, with some reference to the content and/or use of
  > language features

Marks: 1\
Criteria:

• Provides some relevant information

Sample answer:\
Mr Li effectively explains downgraded consumption. He begins by defining
it simply as a trend where people under economic pressure abandon
high-priced goods in favour of low-cost practical items. He then uses
relatable examples, as well as comparisons like 'People used to buy
coffee or milk tea outside; now they prepare them at home', to explain
what downgraded consumption looks like in society. He provides reasons
for downgraded consumption, such as 'slow global economic development'.
He also uses statistics like 'recruitment demand... dropped by 1.5%' to
validate his predictions of the impact of downgraded consumption on
socioeconomic development.